Bio+-+Emilie

Examining the nitrate concentration in West Lake to determine the level of pollution comparing to the results of June 1969.
 * Aim **

The results of 1969 were:

I will compare my results to the June 1969 which has a nitrate concentration of 0


 * Hypothesis **


 * If** the level of pollution is measured in Hanoi West Lake iby looking at the nitrate concentration in the lake comparing the results from 1969 **then** the level nitrate concentration will have risen **because** the nitrate concentration is an indicator of pollution and Hanoi has becomes more polluted since 1969 due to rising level of global warming, more sewege and wastewater leakages and an increase in population of Hanoi.


 * Independant, Dependant and Controlled Variables **
 * =  ||= **What is changed?** ||= **What can be measured?** ||
 * = **Independant Variables** ||< The level of pollution in Hanoi West Lake since June 1969. ||< Measuring the level of nitrate concentration in 20 differant areas in the Hanoi West Lake ||
 * = **Dependant Variables** ||< Measuring the level of pollution in Hanoi West Lake since 1969. ||< Measuring the level of nitrate concentration in 20 differant areas of the Hanoi West Lake which will be done using the Nitrate Concentration Test Kit ||
 * = **Controlled Variables** ||< The depth in which the water is taken from ||< Only taking samples from 30cm deep into the water which will be kept constant using a 30cm ruler ||
 * || The amount of water taken for sampling when testing for the level of nitrate concentration || Only testing 5mL of ththe water from Hanoi West Lake for the level of nitrate concentration ||
 * || The amount of Nitrate #1 Tablet which is used when testing for the level of nitratie concentration || 1 tablet of Nitrate #1 will be placed per every 5mL of lake water ||
 * || The amount of Nitrate #2 Tablet which is used when testing for the level of nitratie concentration || 1 tablet of Nitrate #2 will be places per every 5mL of lake water ||


 * Equipment List**


 * 20 test tubes with caps (10mL each)
 * 20 labelling stickers
 * 10 nitrate concentration measuring test kits
 * 30cm ruler
 * Test tube rack


 * Method**


 * 1) Gather all materials needed to complete the experiment.
 * 2) Travel to Hanoi West Lake.
 * 3) Place the 30cm ruler into the lake and take a sample of lake water into the test tube.
 * 4) Check that the test tube has at least 7mL of water in it.
 * 5) Put the top on the test tube so that the water cannot escape and can safely be travelled make the the lab.
 * 6) Label the test tube with a number and the location in which it was taken in the lake.
 * 7) Repeat steps 3 - 6 with 20 differant test tubes in 20 differant locations in the West Lake. The samples should be collected from varied locations to make sure the results reflect the nitrate concentration of the entire lake.
 * 8) Travel back to the lab when all samples have been collected.
 * 9) Take out the Nitrate Concentration Test Kit
 * 10) Place all the test tubes in a test tube rack
 * 11) Pour the excess water out of all the test tubes - only 5mL of water are needed for testing
 * 12) Drop the Nitrate #1 tablet into the water
 * 13) Stir the water mixture until the pill is dissolved
 * 14) Wait for 5 minutes
 * 15) Drop the Nitrate #2 tablet into the water
 * 16) Shir the water mixture until the second pill is dissolved
 * 17) Compare the water color to the color chart inculded in the Test Kit
 * 18) Record the Nitrate Concentration Level
 * 19) Repreat steps 12 - 18 with all the West Lake water samples
 * 20) Calculate the average nitrate concentration from the samples collected in West Lake
 * 21) Present this data in a XY Scatter Graph in MIcrosoft Excel 2012 with the results from 1969 and 2012 on the x-axis and the nitrate concentration on the y-axis.


 * Raw Data**


 * = **Sample Number** ||= **Nitrate Concentration (June 1969) (ppm)** ||= **Nitrate Concentration (June 2012) (ppm)** ||
 * = 1 ||= 0 ||= 6.6 ||
 * = 2 ||= 0 ||= 4.4 ||
 * = 3 ||= 0 ||= 4.4 ||
 * = 4 ||= 0 ||= 4.4 ||
 * = 5 ||= 0 ||= 4.4 ||
 * = 6 ||= 0 ||= 2.2 ||
 * = 7 ||= 0 ||= 4.4 ||
 * = 8 ||= 0 ||= 5.28 ||
 * = 9 ||= 0 ||= 4.4 ||
 * = 10 ||= 0 ||= 5.72 ||
 * = 11 ||= 0 ||= 8.8 ||
 * = 12 ||= 0 ||= 4.4 ||
 * = 13 ||= 0 ||= 4.4 ||
 * = 14 ||= 0 ||= 4.4 ||
 * = 15 ||= 0 ||= 4.4 ||
 * = 16 ||= 0 ||= 0 ||
 * = 17 ||= 0 ||= 7.92 ||
 * = 18 ||= 0 ||= 5.28 ||
 * = 19 ||= 0 ||= 4.4 ||
 * = 20 ||= 0 ||= 4.4 ||
 * = **Average** ||= 0 ||= **4.73** ||
 * = **Average** ||= 0 ||= **4.73** ||

[]
 * Processed Data**

// "The presence of organic nitrogen in water indicates contamination by sewage or other organic wastes (Hem, 1989)." // // "Like nitrite and ammonia, organic nitrogen is unstable in water with high concentrations of dissolved oxygen (Hem, 1989) and is probably oxidized rapidly to nitrate." // // [] //

//T// //he nitrate concentration in surface water is normally low (0–18 mg/l) but can reach high levels as a result of agricultural runoff, refuse dump runoff, or contamination with human or animal wastes//. []